TE 90 MULTI-STATION RECIPROCATING TRIBOMETER
Keywords:
- additive screening
- anti-wear properties
- boundary lubrication
- chemisorption
- coatings
- contact resistance measurement
- crankcase lubricants
- diesel fuel lubricity
- dynamic friction
- electrical contact lubrication
- ferrous materials
- films
- fuel lubricity
- hertzian contact
- lubricity
- mixed lubrication
- quality control testing
- screening of lubricants
- surface treatments
Introduction:
The TE 90 Multi-Station Reciprocating Tribometer is a modular machine providing features drawn from a range of established test machines including the TE 77 High Frequency Friction Machine, the TE 80 Fuel Lubricity Tester and the TE 57 Pressurized Lubricity Tester.
Single station multi-function and multi-range test machines may be able to perform a wide variety of different tests, but they can still only perform one experiment at a time. Simpler multi-station test rigs can provide a means for increasing test capacity at a substantially lower cost per test station than the single station solution. The TE 90 is a two, four, eight or twelve station reciprocating tribometer with test stations configured to meet a range of standard reciprocating test applications.
Reciprocating Drive Assembly:
The reciprocating drive assembly incorporates a splined shaft and two eccentric cams, each driving a scotch yoke assembly. The cams are arranged 180 degrees out of phase, so that primary balancing of the reciprocating assembly is achieved. The assembly is a fixed stroke device with the stroke length dependent on the eccentricity of the cams. Cams for strokes of up to a maximum of 10 mm may be accommodated. Moving specimen carriers are attached to one or both sides of each scotch yoke.
A single reciprocating assembly thus provides the basis for a two or four station test machine. In order to create eight, twelve or indeed higher numbers of test stations reciprocating assemblies may be attached together in series on a common splined shaft.
Test Assemblies:
Four types of test assembly are currently available, each based on both existing tribometers and existing test standards.
Four Station Non-instrumented Wear Head – Atmospheric Pressure – 1 mm Stroke:
| Based on: | TE 80 Two Station Fuel Lubricity Wear Test Machine
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| Purpose: | To run tests under conditions specified in ASTM D 6079 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig.
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| To run tests under conditions specified in ISO 12156 Assessment of Lubricity using the High Frequency Reciprocating Rig.
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| To run reciprocating wear tests with point contact at moderate temperatures and light loads.
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| Note: | The TE 90 Fuel Lubricity Tester will run tests in accordance with the test parameters specified in ISO 12156-1 and ASTM D6079 fuel lubricity test standards and will rank fluids in the same order, but will consistently produce larger wear scars than the PCS HFRR instrument and a wider discrimination between low and high reference fuels.
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| The effect is particularly marked for the low lubricity reference fluid. The bias in the results arises for two reasons, firstly from differences in the method of loading between the two instruments and secondly from the method of actuation. A full analysis of these differences is given in Guidance on Diesel Fuel Lubricity Test .
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| Technical Specification: |
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| Load: | Dead Weight
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| Load Measurement: | Not available
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| Friction Force: | Not available
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| Contact Potential: | Not available
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| Load: | 2 to 10 N
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| Stroke: | 1 mm
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| Maximum Frequency: | 50 Hz
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| Temperature: | Ambient to 100 C
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| Test Samples: | 6 mm diameter ball (point contact)
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| Instrumentation: | Speed Indicator
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| Batch Counter
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| Temperature Controllers x 4
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Two Station Non-instrumented Wear Head – Pressurized – 1 mm Stroke:
| Based on: | TE 57 Pressurized Lubricity Test Machine |
| Purpose: | To run tests under conditions specified in ASTM D 6079 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) under pressurized conditions.
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| To run reciprocating wear tests with point contact at moderate temperatures and light loads under pressurized conditions.
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| Technical Specification: |
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| Load: | Dead Weight
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| Load Measurement: | Not available
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| Friction Force: | Not available
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| Contact Potential: | Not available
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| Pressure: | 7 bar maximum
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| Load: | 2 N
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| Stroke: | 1 mm
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| Maximum Frequency: | 50 Hz
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| Temperature: | Ambient to 100 C
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| Test Samples: | 6 mm diameter ball (point contact)
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| Instrumentation: | Speed Indicator
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| Batch Counter
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| Temperature Controllers x 2
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| Note: | Pressurized fluid supply system not included.
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Two/Four Station Instrumented Test Head Assembly – 10 mm Stroke:
| Based on: | TE 77 High Frequency Friction Machine
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| Purpose: | To run tests under conditions specified in ASTM G 133 Standard Test Method for Linearly Reciprocating Ball on Flat Sliding Wear.
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| To run test under conditions specified in ASTM G181 Standard Practice for Conducting Tests on Piston Ring and Cylinder Liner Materials under Lubricated Conditions.
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| To run tests under conditions specified in Draft prEN1071-12 Methods of Test for Ceramic Coatings – Part 12 – Reciprocating Wear Test.
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| To run standard reciprocating tests with point or line contact at elevated temperatures and varying loads.
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| Technical Specification: |
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| Number of Stations: | 2 or 4
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| Load: | Pneumatic Cylinder
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| Load Measurement: | Force Transducer
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| Friction Force (rms): | Piezo Force Transducer (optional)
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| Contact Potential: | Lunn-Furey Circuit
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| Load: | 25 to 500 N
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| Stroke: | 10 mm
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| Maximum Frequency: | 25 Hz
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| Temperature: | Ambient to 250 C
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| Test Samples: | 6 mm diameter ball
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| 4.76 mm diameter ball
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| 6 mm x 16 mm cylinder
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| Ring on liner samples
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| Instrumentation: | SUPERSLIM x 1
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| PC with COMPEND 2000 Software
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Two/Four Station Instrumented Test Head Assembly – 2 mm Stroke:
| Based on: | TE 77 High Frequency Friction Machine
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| Purpose: | To run tests under conditions specified in ASTM D 5706 Standard Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High Frequency Linear-Oscillating Test Machine
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| To run test under conditions specified in ASTM D 5707 Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High Frequency Linear-Oscillating Test Machine
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| To run standard reciprocating tests with point contact at elevated temperatures and varying loads.
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| Technical Specification: |
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| Number of Stations: | 2 or 4
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| Load: | Pneumatic Cylinder
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| Load Measurement: | Force Transducer
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| Friction Force (rms): | Piezo Force Transducer (optional)
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| Contact Potential: | Lunn-Furey Circuit
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| Load: | 25 to 1000 N
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| Stroke: | 2 mm
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| Maximum Frequency: | 50 Hz
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| Temperature: | Ambient to 250 C
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| Test Samples: | 10 mm diameter ball on disc
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| Instrumentation: | SUPERSLIM x 1
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| PC with COMPEND 2000 Software
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Instrumented Test Assembly Load Control Options:
MANUAL 1-2:| One regulator and one load force transducer for master test station:
| | Manual control of master test station load by precision regulator, with resulting master test station load measured by force transducer. Slave test station cylinder connected in parallel to master test station with no slave test station load measurement.
| MANUAL 2-2:| Two regulators and two load force transducers, one per test stations:
| | Manual control of both test station loads by independent precision regulators, with resulting test station loads measured by force transducers.
| SERVO 1-2:| One servo valve and one load force transducer for master test station:
| | Automatic control of master test station load by servo valve with force transducer feedback. Slave test station cylinder connected in parallel to master test station with no slave test station load measurement.
| SERVO 2-2:| Two servo valves and two load force transducers, one per test station:
| | Automatic control of both test station loads by independent servo valves, each with force transducer feedback.
| MANUAL 1/4:| One regulator and one load force transducer for master test station:
| | Manual control of master test station load by precision regulator, with resulting master test station load measured by force transducer. Slave test station cylinder connected in parallel to master test station with no slave test station load measurement.
| MANUAL 4/4:| Four regulators and four load force transducers, one per test stations:
| | Manual control of test station loads by independent precision regulators, with resulting test station loads measured by force transducers.
| SERVO 1/4:| One servo valve and one load force transducer for master test station:
| | Automatic control of master test station load by servo valve with force transducer feedback. Slave test station cylinders connected in parallel to master test station with no slave test station load measurement.
| SERVO 4/4:| Four servo valves and four load force transducers, one per test station:
| | Automatic control of test station loads by independent servo valves, each with force transducer feedback.
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Services:
| Electricity: | 220/240V, single phase, 50 Hz, 3 kW
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| 110/120 V, single phase, 60 Hz, 3 kW
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| Clean, dry air: | 4 cfm at 8 bar (120 psi) (instrumented assemblies only)
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| PC and Printer: | Minimum Specification
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Order As:
Revised TE 90/09/2011
